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ISTQB-Foundation Level Exam Sample Questions (Q262-Q267):

NEW QUESTION # 262
A calculator software is used to calculate the result for 5+6.
The user noticed that the result given is 6.
This is an example of;

A. Error
B. Failure
C. Mistake
D. Fault

Answer: B

Explanation:
According to the ISTQB Glossary of Testing Terms, Version 4.0, 2018, page 18, a failure is "an event in which a component or system does not perform a required function within specified limits". In this case, the calculator software does not perform the required function of calculating the correct result for 5+6 within the specified limits of accuracy and precision. Therefore, this is an example of a failure.
The other options are incorrect because:
* A mistake is "a human action that produces an incorrect result" (page 25). A mistake is not an event, but an action, and it may or may not lead to a failure. For example, a mistake could be a typo in the code, a wrong assumption in the design, or a misunderstanding of the requirement.
* A fault is "a defect in a component or system that can cause the component or system to fail to perform its required function" (page 16). A fault is not an event, but a defect, and it may or may not cause a failure. For example, a fault could be a logical error in the code, a missing specification in the design, or a contradiction in the requirement.
* An error is "the difference between a computed, observed, or measured value or condition and the true, specified, or theoretically correct value or condition" (page 15). An error is not an event, but a difference, and it may or may not result in a failure. For example, an error could be a rounding error in the calculation, a measurement error in the observation, or a deviation error in the condition.
References = ISTQB Glossary of Testing Terms, Version 4.0, 2018, pages 15-18, 25; ISTQB CTFL 4.0 - Sample Exam - Answers, Version 1.1, 2023, Question 96, page 34.

NEW QUESTION # 263
Which of the following statements contradicts the general principles of testing?

A. Most defects are found in a small subset of a system's modules.
B. How testing is done, is based on the situation in a particular project.
C. If new defects are to be found we should run the same test set more often.
D. Testing is better if it starts at the beginning of a project.

Answer: C

Explanation:
Statement B contradicts the general principles of testing, because running the same test set more often will not increase the chances of finding new defects, unless there are some changes in the system or environment that affect the test results. Running different test sets with different inputs, outputs or conditions would be more effective in finding new defects. Statements A, C and D are consistent with the general principles of testing.
Statement A states that most defects are found in a small subset of a system's modules, which is true according to the defect clustering principle. Statement C states that testing is better if it starts at the beginning of a project, which is true according to the early testing principle. Statement D states that how testing is done, is based on the situation in a particular project, which is true according to the context-dependent testing principle. Verified References: A Study Guide to the ISTQB® Foundation Level 2018 Syllabus - Springer, pages 4-6.

NEW QUESTION # 264
Which of the following is an INCORRECT statement about the benefit of traceability between the test basis and test work products?

A. Traceability may help evaluate the extent of test coverage
B. Traceability may allow testing to be auditable
C. Traceability may be required by IT governance rules
D. Traceability may make it harder to understand the impact of changes

Answer: D

Explanation:
The statement "Traceability may make it harder to understand the impact of changes" is incorrect. Traceability in testing actually facilitates understanding the impact of changes by linking test cases to requirements. This linkage helps ensure that any changes in the requirements are adequately reflected and verified in the test cases, thus supporting effective management of changes and maintaining the integrity of the system or product being developed (ISTQB not-for-profit association) (ISTQB Main Web).References:
* ISTQB Certified Tester Foundation Level Syllabus v4.0:
https://istqb-main-web-prod.s3.amazonaws.com/media/documents/ISTQB_CTFL_Syllabus-v4.0.pdf
* ISTQB Official Website - CTFL Certification:
https://www.istqb.org/certifications/certified-tester-foundation-level/

NEW QUESTION # 265
Which of the following is a key characteristic of informal reviews?

A. Kick-off meeting
B. Metrics analysis
C. Low cost
D. Individual preparation

Answer: C

Explanation:
A key characteristic of informal reviews is low cost. Informal reviews are a type of review that does not follow a formal process or have any formal documentation. Informal reviews are usually performed by individuals or small groups of peers or colleagues who have some knowledge or interest in the product under review.
Informal reviews can be done at any time and for any purpose, such as checking for errors, clarifying doubts, sharing ideas, etc. Informal reviews have low cost, as they do not require much time, effort, or resources to conduct. The other options are not key characteristics of informal reviews. Kick-off meeting is a characteristic of formal reviews, such as inspections or walkthroughs. Kick-off meeting is a meeting that is held before the review process starts, where the roles and responsibilities of the participants are defined, the objectives and scope of the review are agreed, and the logistics and schedule of the review are planned. Individual preparation is a characteristic of formal reviews, such as inspections or walkthroughs. Individual preparation is an activity that is performed by the reviewers before the review meeting, where they examine the product under review and identify any issues or questions that need to be discussed or resolved during the review meeting. Metrics analysis is a characteristic of formal reviews, such as inspections or walkthroughs. Metrics analysis is an activity that is performed after the review process is completed, where the data and results of the review are collected and analyzed to measure the effectiveness and efficiency of the review, as well as to identify any improvement actions or lessons learned forfuture reviews. Verified References: A Study Guide to the ISTQB Foundation Level 2018 Syllabus - Springer, page 9.

NEW QUESTION # 266
Which of the following is a typical product risk?

A. Low quality of the configuration data, test data and tests
B. A problem in the code developed by a 3rd party
C. Poor usability of the software
D. Problem in defining the right requirements

Answer: C

Explanation:
A typical product risk involves issues directly related to the software product's functionality, performance, usability, reliability, etc. Option A, "Poor usability of the software," directly impacts the end-user's interaction with the software and is a quality attribute of the product itself, making it a product risk. Options B, "A problem in the code developed by a 3rd party," C, "Low quality of the configuration data, test data and tests," and D, "Problem in defining the right requirements," can be considered either product or project risks depending on the context, but option A is the most directly associated with a typical product risk concerning the quality and usability of the software.

NEW QUESTION # 267
......

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